MEGHALAYA

HISTORY

  • Early Inhabitants: Originally inhabited by indigenous tribes, primarily the Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo, each with distinct cultures.
  • Tribal Kingdoms: Prior to British colonization, the region was made up of small kingdoms ruled by local chieftains.
  • British Colonization: In the 19th century, the British established control, signing treaties with tribal leaders and integrating the area into British India, focusing on trade, especially in coal.
  • Formation of Meghalaya: After India’s independence in 1947, Meghalaya became part of Assam but gained statehood in 1972 due to cultural and political differences.
  • Post-Independence Developments: The state has faced challenges like political instability and infrastructure development while promoting its rich natural resources and cultural heritage.
    • NAMASTE!

    Meghalaya's history is characterized by the influence of indigenous traditions, colonial rule, and modern aspirations for identity and growth.

    ABOUT THE CAPITAL CITY

    About the Capital City of Meghalaya: Shillong
  • Location: Situated in the Khasi Hills at an elevation of about 1,525 meters (5,000 feet) above sea level.
  • Historical Significance: Known as the "Scotland of the East," Shillong was established as a British administrative center in the 19th century.
  • Cultural Hub: A melting pot of Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo cultures, with numerous festivals celebrating its rich heritage.
  • Education and Music: Home to institutions like North-Eastern Hill University and famous for its vibrant music scene, dubbed the "Rock Capital of India."
  • Natural Beauty: Surrounded by lush hills, with attractions like Umiam Lake, Ward's Lake, and Elephant Falls.
  • Tourist Attractions: Notable sites include Shillong Peak and the Don Bosco Centre for Indigenous Cultures.
  • Economy: Driven by tourism, trade, and education, with a focus on local crafts.
    • ENJOY!

    Shillong is a unique blend of natural beauty, rich culture, and historical significance.

    BEST TIME TO VISIT

  • Autumn (October to November):
  • Ideal weather with clear skies and pleasant temperatures.
  • Perfect for sightseeing and outdoor activities.

  • Winter (December to February):
  • Cool temperatures, especially in the hills.
  • A great time for those who enjoy a chilly climate.

  • Spring (March to April):
  • Mild weather with blooming flowers and lush greenery.
  • Good for trekking and exploring natural attractions.

  • Monsoon (June to September):
  • Heavy rainfall, which can lead to landslides.
  • While landscapes are stunningly lush, travel can be challenging.
  • Best for those who enjoy the monsoon atmosphere and fewer tourists.

    • PLACES TO EXPLORE

  • Shillong: The capital city known for its scenic views, vibrant music scene, and cultural attractions like the Don Bosco Centre for Indigenous Cultures.
  • Cherrapunji: Famous for its heavy rainfall, living root bridges, and stunning waterfalls like Nohkalikai Falls.
  • Mawsmai Cave: A popular limestone cave near Cherrapunji, offering fascinating stalactite and stalagmite formations.
  • Nongkrem Dance Festival: A cultural festival held in Smit village, showcasing traditional Khasi dance and music.
  • Umiam Lake: A beautiful artificial lake ideal for boating and picnics, surrounded by hills and lush greenery.
  • Living Root Bridges: Unique bridges made from the roots of rubber trees, particularly in the villages of Nongriat and Riwai.
  • Laitlum Canyons: Stunning canyons offering panoramic views and great trekking opportunities.
  • Elephant Falls: A picturesque three-tiered waterfall near Shillong, perfect for photography and nature walks.
  • Dawki: Known for its crystal-clear Umngot River, popular for boating and a stunning view of the Bangladesh border.
  • Sohra (Cherrapunji): Renowned for its rainforests and breathtaking landscapes, with numerous viewpoints and trekking trails.
    • EXPLORE!

    LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

  • Languages:
  • Khasi: Principal language of the Khasi people.
  • Pnar (Jaintia): Spoken by the Jaintia community.
  • Garo: Primary language of the Garo people.
  • English: Widely used for education and official purposes.
  • Cultural Diversity: Home to diverse ethnic groups: Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo tribes, each with unique customs.
  • Festivals: Major festivals include Lai Haraoba, Nongkrem Dance Festival, and Wangala.
  • Traditional Attire: Women wear jainsem; men wear dao (shawls) reflecting tribal identity.
  • Music and Dance: Rich traditions with folk songs and dances, using instruments like drums and flutes.
  • Cuisine: Rice is a staple, with dishes like Eromba (mashed vegetables and fish) and Jadoh (meat and rice).
  • Art and Handicrafts: Known for vibrant handicrafts, including textiles, bamboo products, and wood carvings.
  • Religious Practices: Predominantly Christian, influenced by traditional beliefs related to nature and ancestors.

    • Meghalaya’s language and culture showcase its rich heritage and diversity.

    FAMOUS DISHES

  • Jadoh: A rice dish cooked with meat, typically flavored with spices and often includes pork or chicken.
  • Eromba: A mashed dish made from boiled vegetables mixed with fermented fish or meat, often served with rice.
  • Dohneiiong: A pork dish cooked with black sesame seeds and spices, known for its rich flavor.
  • Khar: A traditional dish made with raw papaya and alkaline water filtered through the ashes of the alkali plant, often cooked with fish or meat.
  • Pukhlein: A sweet dish made from rice flour, deep-fried and often enjoyed as a snack or dessert.
  • Bamboo Shoot Curry: A flavorful dish prepared with tender bamboo shoots, typically cooked with meat or vegetables.
  • Tungrymbai: A traditional dish made from fermented soybean, mixed with spices and often served with rice.
  • Minil Sordoh: A traditional Khasi dish made with rice, spices, and local herbs, often accompanied by meat or fish.
  • Fish Pickle (Ngari): A fermented fish delicacy often served as a side dish, adding a unique flavor to meals.
  • Kwah (Herbal Tea): A local herbal tea made from various medicinal herbs, often consumed for its health benefits.

    • FESTIVALS

  • Lai Haraoba: Traditional Khasi festival celebrating deities with music and dance.
  • Nongkrem Dance Festival: Khasi festival honoring harvest and prosperity through traditional dances.
  • Wangala Festival: Garo harvest festival featuring folk dances and offerings of thanks.
  • Shad Suk Mynsiem: Spring festival of the Khasi community with dances to honor deities.
  • Bihu Festival: Celebrated by some communities, featuring traditional music and dance.
  • Christmas: Significant festival for the Christian population, celebrated with feasts and gatherings.
  • Eid: Celebrated by the Muslim community with prayers and community events.
  • Durga Puja: Observed by the Bengali community with rituals and cultural performances.
  • Nongthymmai Festival: Celebrates local customs with folk performances and traditional food.
  • Independence Day: August 15th celebration with cultural programs and parades.